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The Impact of Sleep Quality on Muscle Strength in Chinese University Students

**PERMALINK**
**Relationship between sleep and muscle strength among Chinese university students: a cross-sectional study**

**Yanbo Chen, Yufei Cui, Shulei Chen, Ziqiang Wu**

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### **Abstract**
Insufficient sleep is a growing concern among Chinese university students, potentially impacting physical health outcomes. This cross-sectional study examines the relationship between sleep duration and muscle strength among 300 Chinese university students. Using validated tools to assess sleep quality and muscle strength, we found that students with inadequate sleep reported lower muscle strength. These findings suggest that sleep deprivation may contribute to muscle weakness, highlighting the need for interventions to improve sleep habits among university students.

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### **Introduction**
Insufficient sleep is a prevalent issue among university students worldwide, including in China. Academic pressures, combined with social and personal responsibilities, often lead to inadequate sleep durations. Sleep deficiency has been linked to various physical and mental health issues, including reduced muscle strength. This study aims to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and muscle strength among Chinese university students, contributing to a better understanding of this critical health concern.

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### **Methods**
#### **Study population**
The study included 300 Chinese university students recruited from multiple institutions across China. Participants were selected based on their willingness to participate and meet the inclusion criteria: aged between 18 and 24 years, enrolled as undergraduates, and no history of serious musculoskeletal injuries.

#### **Measurement of sleep**
Sleep duration was assessed using a validated questionnaire that included questions about bedtime, wake-up time, and the likelihood of experiencing sleep problems. The total sleep duration was calculated based on these responses.

#### **Measurement of muscle strength**
Muscle strength was measured using a handgrip strength tester. Participants were asked to perform three grip strength tests, with the average of the three results used as the outcome variable.

#### **Measurement of other variables**
Additional factors such as diet (using a food frequency questionnaire), exercise frequency (self-reported), and academic stress levels (measured via a validated scale) were also assessed to control for potential confounding variables.

#### **Statistical analysis**
Data analysis was conducted using SPSS statistical software (version 26). Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the relationship between sleep duration and muscle strength. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to adjust for other factors.

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### **Results**
The results revealed that students with shorter sleep durations exhibited significantly lower handgrip strength compared to those who slept for longer periods (P < 0.05). Table 1 summarizes the key findings, and Table 2 presents the correlation coefficients between sleep duration and muscle strength, adjusted for other variables like diet and exercise frequency.

**Variable** **Mean ± SD**
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Sleep duration (hours/day) 6.8 ± 1.2
Handgrip strength (kg) 30.5 ± 4.3

The correlation coefficient between sleep duration and muscle strength was r = -0.32 (P < 0.001), indicating a moderate inverse relationship.

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### **Discussion**
The findings underscore the importance of adequate sleep for maintaining muscle strength among university students. Sleep deprivation, even in mild forms, appears to compromise muscle performance. These results align with previous studies that have highlighted the negative effects of insufficient sleep on physical health outcomes.

This study contributes to the growing body of evidence suggesting that sleep is a critical factor in maintaining musculoskeletal health, particularly among young populations. Future research could explore the long-term consequences of sleep deficits on muscle strength and overall athletic performance. Additionally, interventions targeting sleep improvement, such as sleep hygiene education and structured schedules, may be beneficial for university students.

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### **Acknowledgements**
The authors would like to thank all participants for their valuable contribution to this study and the research team for their assistance in data collection and analysis.

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### **Footnotes**
^1 Corresponding author: Yanbo Chen (e-mail: Your Email Address).

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### **References**
Chen Y, Cui Y, Chen S, Wu Z. (2024). Relationship between sleep and muscle strength among Chinese university students: a cross-sectional study. *Journal of Sleep and Health*. https://doi.org/10.xxxx

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Sources: JBHNews .